Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan (from Persian: ترکستان, romanized: Torkestân, lit. 'land of the Turks'), is a historical region in Central Asia corresponding to the regions of Transoxiana and Xinjiang. Turkestan is primarily inhabited by Turkic peoples, including Uzbeks, Oghuz Turks, Kazakhs, Khazars, Kyrgyz, and Uyghurs. The region hosts Russian and Tajik-Persian minorities. Turkestan is subdivided into Afghan Turkestan, Russian Turkestan, and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China. Today, "Turkestan" mainly refers to Xinjiang, where Turkic peoples constitute about half of the population. Source: Wikipedia (en)