François Hollande

1954 -

Country of citizenship: France

Native language: French

Languages spoken, written or signed: French

Educated at: Panthéon-Assas University Paris, Sciences Po, HEC Paris, École nationale d'administration, Jean-Baptiste-de-La-Salle de Rouen School, Lycée Pasteur

Occupation: statesperson

Award received: Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit, Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize, Grand Officer of the National Order of Quebec, Order of Glory, Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum, Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Sun of Peru, Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic‎, Grand Master of the Legion of Honour, Political Humor Award, Grand Cross of the Order of the White Double Cross‎, Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria, Gold Medal of Hellenic Parliament, Grand Collar of the Order of Liberty, Medal of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, King Abdulaziz Medal, Royal Order of the Seraphim, Grand Cross of the Order of the Liberator General San Martin, Order of Liberty, Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the White Rose of Finland, Order of the Bath, Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Order of the White Eagle, Order of the Netherlands Lion, Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Order of Isabella the Catholic‎, Order of Liberty, Order of Saint-Charles, Order of the White Rose of Finland, Order of the White Double Cross, Order of the Redeemer, Order of the Star of Romania, Dostyk Order of grade I, Order of King Abdulaziz al Saud, Order of Ouissam Alaouite, Order of the Republic, National Order of Mali, Order of recognition, National Order of the Ivory Coast, National Order of Quebec, Order of the Liberator General San Martín, Order of the Sun of Peru, Order of the Star of Palestine, Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Order of the State of Palestine, National Order of Benin, Order of the Southern Cross, Order of Boyacá, Order of Zayed, National Order of Merit, Order of the Chrysanthemum, Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau, Order of the Aztec Eagle, Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa, National Order of Niger, National Order of the Lion of Senegal

Position held: President of the French Republic, French co-prince of Andorra, First Secretary of the French Socialist Party, mayor of Tulle, member of the French National Assembly, member of the general council, Member of the European Parliament

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François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (French: [fʁɑ̃swa ʒeʁaʁ ʒɔʁʒ(ə) nikɔla ɔlɑ̃d] ; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as the 24th president of France from 2012 to 2017. Before his presidency, he was First Secretary of the Socialist Party (PS) from 1997 to 2008, Mayor of Tulle from 2001 to 2008, as well as President of the General Council of Corrèze from 2008 to 2012. He also held the 1st constituency of Corrèze seat in the National Assembly for the third time, first from 1988 to 1993, then from 1997 until 2012 and was reelected in 2024. Born in Rouen and raised in Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hollande began his political career as a special advisor to newly elected President François Mitterrand before serving as a staffer for Max Gallo the government's spokesman. He became a member of the National Assembly in 1988 and was elected First Secretary of the PS in 1997. Following the 2004 regional elections won by the PS, Hollande was cited as a potential presidential candidate, but he resigned as First Secretary and was immediately elected to replace Jean-Pierre Dupont as President of the General Council of Corrèze in 2008. In 2011, Hollande announced that he would be a candidate in the primary election to select the PS presidential nominee; he won the nomination against Martine Aubry before he was elected to the presidency (becoming also, ex officio, Co-Prince of Andorra) on 6 May 2012 in the second round with 51.6% of the vote, defeating incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy. During his tenure, Hollande legalized same-sex marriage by passing Bill no. 344, reformed labour laws and credit training programmes, signed a law restricting the cumul des mandats, and withdrew French forces in Afghanistan, in addition to concluding an EU directive on the protection of animals in laboratory research through a Franco-German contract. Hollande led the country through the January and November 2015 Paris attacks, as well as the 2016 Nice attack. He was a leading proponent of EU mandatory migrant quotas and NATO's 2011 military intervention in Libya. He also sent troops to Mali and the Central African Republic with the approval of the UN Security Council in order to stabilise those countries, two operations however largely seen as failures. He drew controversy among his left-wing electoral base for supporting the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen. Under Hollande’s presidency, Paris hosted the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, and his efforts to bring the 2024 Summer Olympics to the city were successful. However, with domestic troubles – in particular due to Islamic terrorism – over the course of his tenure, and unemployment rising to 10%, he faced spikes and downturns in approval rates, ultimately making him the most unpopular head of state under the Fifth Republic. On 1 December 2016, he announced he would not seek reelection in the 2017 presidential election, for which polls suggested his defeat in the first round. Source: Wikipedia (en)