Subject
photo credits: Wikimedia Commons
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with deserts in the centre, tropical rainforests in the north-east, tropical savannas in the north, and mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the last glacial period. Arriving by sea, they settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world. Australia's written history commenced with the European maritime exploration of Australia. The Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon was the first known European to reach Australia, in 1606. In 1770, the British explorer James Cook mapped and claimed the east coast of Australia for Great Britain, and the First Fleet of British ships arrived at Sydney in 1788 to establish the penal colony of New South Wales. The European population grew in subsequent decades, and by the end of the 1850s gold rush, most of the continent had been explored by European settlers and an additional five self-governing British colonies were established. Democratic parliaments were gradually established through the 19th century, culminating with a vote for the federation of the six colonies and foundation of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. This began a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942, and culminating in the Australia Act 1986.Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy, comprising six states and ten territories. Australia's population of nearly 27 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Canberra is the nation's capital, while its most populous cities are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide. It is ethnically diverse and multicultural, the product of large-scale immigration, with almost half of the population having at least one parent born overseas. Australia's abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources including services, mining exports, banking, manufacturing, agriculture and international education. Australia ranks highly for quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties and political rights.Australia has a highly developed market economy and one of the highest per capita incomes globally. Australia is a regional power, and has the world's thirteenth-highest military expenditure. It is a member of international groupings including the United Nations; the G20; the OECD; the World Trade Organization; Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; the Pacific Islands Forum; the Pacific Community; the Commonwealth of Nations; and the defence/security organisations ANZUS, AUKUS, and the Five Eyes. It is a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Source: Wikipedia (en)
Works about Australia 6
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Shifting focus : Colonial Australian photography 1850-1920,
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In a Sunburned Country
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Landung in Australien
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A Narrative of a Visit to the Australian Colonies
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An epitome of the natural history of the insects of New Holland, New Zealand, New Guinea, Otaheite, and other islands in the Indian, Southern, and Pacific oceans
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A Chronological History Of Australian Composers And Their Compositions
Narratives set in Australia 35
- Doctor Wooreddy's Prescription for Enduring the Ending of the World
- Tomorrow, When the War Began
- Oscar and Lucinda
- The Forgotten Garden
- Elizabeth Costello
- Butterfly
- In a Sunburned Country
- Dream Stuff
- The Lost Daughter
- In Too Deep
- Message from Forever
- 48 Shades of Brown
- A Field Guide to the Birds of Australia
- A Fringe of Leaves
- Battlelines
- Behind the Exclusive Brethren
- Benang
- Conditions of Faith
- Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop
- Eucalyptus
- Feeling Sorry for Celia
- Voss
- The Government of the Australian States
- Silent Invasion
- The Politics of "New Federalism"
- Getting our houses in order
- Hidden Hand
- A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas in His Majesty's Ship the Endeavour
- The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay
- Dyddiadur Awstralia
- Seize mille lieues à travers l'Asie et l'Océanie
- Stravinsky's Lunch
- My Father's Daughter
- Kookaburra
- Sandy et Hoppy
Subject - wd:Q408