The US Army Field Manual 30-31B, dubbed the "Westmoreland Field Manual," purportedly outlined a strategy called the "strategy of tension," wherein violent attacks are orchestrated and blamed on left-wing groups to justify government action. However, most scholars believe it to be a Cold War-era hoax conducted by Soviet intelligence services. The document first surfaced in the 1970s in Turkey and later circulated in various countries. During a 1980 hearing CIA officials denied its authenticity by claiming it as a forgery. Scholars and the US State Department also state that it is a Soviet forgery. Its usage in implicating the CIA in certain events further fueled debate, but arguments to its authenticity were strengthened by evidence uncovered during Operation Gladio in the 1990s. Source: Wikipedia (en)