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Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics with the major subdisciplines of number theory, algebra, geometry, and analysis, respectively. There is no general consensus among mathematicians about a common definition for their academic discipline. Most mathematical activity involves the discovery of properties of abstract objects and the use of pure reason to prove them. These objects consist of either abstractions from nature or—in modern mathematics—entities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. A proof consists of a succession of applications of deductive rules to already established results. These results include previously proved theorems, axioms, and—in case of abstraction from nature—some basic properties that are considered true starting points of the theory under consideration.Mathematics is essential in the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, finance, computer science and the social sciences. Although mathematics is extensively used for modeling phenomena, the fundamental truths of mathematics are independent from any scientific experimentation. Some areas of mathematics, such as statistics and game theory, are developed in close correlation with their applications and are often grouped under applied mathematics. Other areas are developed independently from any application (and are therefore called pure mathematics), but often later find practical applications. The problem of integer factorization, for example, which goes back to Euclid in 300 BC, had no practical application before its use in the RSA cryptosystem, now widely used for the security of computer networks.Historically, the concept of a proof and its associated mathematical rigour first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid's Elements. Since its beginning, mathematics was primarily divided into geometry and arithmetic (the manipulation of natural numbers and fractions), until the 16th and 17th centuries, when algebra and infinitesimal calculus were introduced as new fields. Since then, the interaction between mathematical innovations and scientific discoveries has led to a correlated increase in the development of both. At the end of the 19th century, the foundational crisis of mathematics led to the systematization of the axiomatic method, which heralded a dramatic increase in the number of mathematical areas and their fields of application. The contemporary Mathematics Subject Classification lists more than 60 first-level areas of mathematics. Source: Wikipedia (en)
Works in the genre mathematics 7
Works based on mathematics 1
Works about mathematics 106
- Elements
- The Book of Healing
- Ars Magna
- The Parrot's Theorem
- Infinity and the Mind
- Encyclopedia of Mathematics
- Zhoubi Suanjing
- The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
- Book on Numbers and Computation
- What Is Mathematics?
- Principia Mathematica
- Prime Obsession
- The Princeton Companion to Mathematics
- The Universal Book of Mathematics: From Abracadabra to Zeno's Paradoxes
- Innumeracy
- La Valeur de la Science / Henri Poincaré
- Science et Méthode / Henri Poincaré
- CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics
- Cocker's Arithmetick
- Cocker's Decimal Arithmetick
- Concepts of Modern Mathematics
- Encyclopedia of Mathematics
- One Two Three... Infinity
- The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets
- De arte supputandi
- Instant Physics
- God Created the Integers
- Math Girls
- Karanapaddhati
- Math Curse
- Mathematics Made Difficult
- Mathematics and the Imagination
- Metric Structures for Riemannian and Non-Riemannian Spaces
- La Science et l'Hypothèse / Henri Poincaré
- On Numbers and Games
- C'è spazio per tutti
- The Millennium Problems
- Il riso di Talete
- The Mathematical Century
- A very short introduction to mathematics
- Matematica dilettevole e curiosa
- Álgebra de Baldor
- Sphereland
- The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
- A History of Pi
Authors educated at mathematics 1
Genre - wd:Q395